​INFORMATION NOTICE CONCERNING THE PROCESSING OF PERSONAL DATA of “www.watdev.eu” website users

The Data Controller is the natural or legal person, public authority, agency, or other body which, alone or jointly with others, determines the purposes and means of the processing of personal data.
With regard to this website, the Data Controller is CIHEAM Bari, based in Bari, Via Ceglie, 9, 70010 – Valenzano (BA), whose contact details are as follows:
– Tel: +39 080 4606111 
– E-mail: privacy@iamb.it

GENERAL INFORMATION

The purpose of this document is to provide information on the methods, timing and nature of the information that the Data Controller must provide to users when they connect to the web pages, regardless of the purposes of such connection.

The information is provided only for the “http://www watdev.eu” website and not for any other websites that may be consulted by the user via the links contained therein. 

DATA PROTECTION OFFICER

The Data Protection Officer (DPO) can be contacted at the following address: privacy@iamb.it

USERS' RIGHTS

Data subjects have the right at any time to receive confirmation whether or not such data is held by the Data Controller, to be informed of its content and origin, to verify its accuracy or request that it be completed, erased, updated, rectified, transformed into an anonymous form or blocked if processed in breach of the law, and to oppose its processing for legitimate reasons. Such requests shall be addressed to the Data Controller.

TYPE OF DATA PROCESSED AND PURPOSE OF PROCESSING

The website makes use of log files in which information collected automatically during user visits is stored. The information collected may include the following:

  • internet protocol (IP) address

  • browser type and parameters of the device used to connect to the site

  • name of the internet service provider (ISP)

  • date and time of visit

  • the visitor’s web page of origin (referral) and exit

  • possibly the number of clicks.


The above information is processed automatically and collected exclusively in an aggregate form for the purpose of verifying the proper functioning of the website and for security reasons according to the Data Controller’s legitimate interests. For security purposes (anti-spam filters, firewalls, virus detection), automatically recorded data may possibly also include personal data such as the IP address, which could be used, in accordance with the relevant laws in force, in order to block attempts to damage the website or damage other users, or otherwise harmful or criminal activities. Such data shall never be used to identify or profile the user, but only for the purpose of protecting the website and its users and processed according to the Data Controller’s legitimate interests.
The data collected by the website during its operation are used exclusively for the purposes  above and stored for the time strictly necessary to complete the indicated activities.

PLACE OF DATA PROCESSING

The data collected from the website will be processed at the Controller’s premises.

SPECIFIC INFORMATION

At the user’s request, in addition to the information contained in this privacy policy, the website may provide additional and relevant information regarding specific services, the collection and processing of personal data.

INFORMATION NOT CONTAINED IN THIS POLICY

Further information regarding the processing of personal data may be requested at any time from the Data Controller using the contact details.

WHAT ARE COOKIES?

Cookies are text files with small pieces of data that can be sent by a website, while you are browsing, to your device (PC, notebook, smartphone, tablet); they are usually stored directly on the browser used for browsing. The website that sends them can then read and record the cookies that are on the same device to obtain various types of information. Which ones? For each type of cookie there is a clearly defined role.

HOW MANY TYPES OF COOKIES EXIST?

There are two basic macro-categories, with different characteristics: technical cookies and profiling cookies. Technical cookies are generally necessary for the proper functioning of the website and to allow navigation; otherwise, you may not be able to view pages correctly or use certain services. For example, a technical cookie is needed to keep you logged in throughout your visit to a website, or to store language settings, display settings, and so on.

Examples of cookies

  • Navigation cookies, which ensure normal navigation and use of the website (allowing, for example, to make a purchase or authenticate to access restricted areas).

  • Analytics cookies, assimilated to technical cookies only when used directly by the website operator to collect information, in aggregate form, on the number of users and how they visit the site.

  • Functionality cookies, which allow the user to navigate according to a series of selected criteria (e.g. language, products selected for purchase) in order to improve the service provided to the user.

  • Profiling cookies, which are designed to profile the user and are used to send ads in line with the preferences expressed by the user while browsing.

The installation of technical and analytics cookies does not require the user’s consent, while the relevant information shall always be provided. Profiling cookies or other tracking tools, on the other hand, can only be used if the user has expressed their consent after being informed in a user-friendly way.

COOKIES USED BY THIS SITE

This site uses technical cookies to save the user’s session and to perform other activities strictly necessary for its operation. Users’ prior consent is not required for their installation.

DISABLING COOKIES

Cookies are linked to the browser used and CAN BE DISABLED DIRECTLY FROM THE BROWSER, thus refusing/revoking consent to the use of cookies. Please note that disabling cookies may prevent the correct use of some functions of the website.

Instructions for disabling cookies can be found on the following web pages:

  • https://support.mozilla.org/it/kb/Attivare%20e%20disattivare%20i%20cookie

  • https://support.microsoft.com/it-it/help/17442/windows-internet-explorer-delete-manage-cookies

  • https://support.microsoft.com/it-it/help/4027947/windows-delete-cookies

  • https://support.google.com/chrome/answer/95647?hl=it

  • https://help.opera.com/en/?s=cookies&product=latest

  • https://support.apple.com/it-it/HT201265

THIRD-PARTY COOKIES

Third-party cookies are used to provide additional services and functions to visitors and to improve the use of the website, such as social media buttons or videos. This site has no control over third-party cookies, which are entirely managed by the third party. Therefore, information on the use of these cookies and their purposes, as well as on how to disable them, is provided directly by the third parties on the pages indicated below.

More specifically, this website uses the following third-party cookies:

  • Google Analytics: an analysis tool of Google which, by cookies (performance cookies), collects anonymous (IP truncated to the last octet) and exclusively aggregated browsing data for the purpose of evaluating the user’s website usage, compiling reports on website activity and providing other information, including visitor numbers and page views. Google may also transfer this information to third parties where required to do so by law, or where such third parties process the information for Google. Google will not associate your IP address with any other data held by Google. The data transmitted to Google is stored on Google servers in the USA.

More information on Google Analytics cookies can be found on the following page:

https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/cookie-usage

Users may selectively disable the data collection via Google Analytics by installing the appropriate component provided by Google on their browser (opt out): https://tools.google.com/dlpage/gaoptout.

  • Youtube: a Google-owned video-sharing platform that uses cookies to collect information from users and browsing devices. 

For further information on Google’s data use and processing, please refer to the relevant Google page: https://policies.google.com/privacy?hl=it, and the Google Data Use Policy page when using partner websites or apps: https://policies.google.com/technologies/partner-sites?hl=it

SOCIAL NETWORK PLUGINS

This website also incorporates social network plugins and/or social media buttons to enable easy sharing of content on users’ favourite social networks. These plugins are programmed so as not to set any cookies when accessing the page, to safeguard user privacy. Cookies are only set, if so provided by the social networks, when the user actually and voluntarily makes use of the plugin. Please note that if users browse while being logged into the social network then they have already consented to the use of cookies conveyed through this website at the time of registration to the social network.
The collection and use of information from the plugin is subject to the relevant privacy policies of the social networks, to which users shall refer:

  • Facebook https://www.facebook.com/policies/cookies/

  • Twitter https://help.twitter.com/it/rules-and-policies/twitter-cookies

  • LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/legal/cookie-policy

  • Instagram https://help.instagram.com/58106616558187

Data will be processed automatically and/or manually by authorised data processors.

In accordance with the principles of lawfulness, purpose limitation and data minimisation, personal data will be kept as long as necessary to fulfil the purposes for which they are collected and processed.

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Ude Kebele groundwater irrigation scheme under the Adaa Becho Groundwater Irrigation system (ABGIS) in the Awash Basin

It is a new intervention area with perspectives to be expanded. It is therefore envisaged that the lessons from other countries could be scaled out in this area.

Ada’a-Becho Groundwater Irrigation (ABGIS) is located in Ada’a Wereda some 50 km from Addis Ababa. The Adama road passes nearby the scheme and has no access limitation.  This scheme is part of Ada’a-Bacho Irrigation Development Project that comprises three conjugate Kebeles (i.e., Dhankaka, Ude and Qallitty) in Ada’a District of East Shawa Zone, Oromia Regional State.

The Ude Kebele Groundwater Irrigation Site is small, scheme selected to demonstrate groundwater irrigation practice demonstration sites as it is new irrigation development area will be a learning site for a medium scale community owned groundwater irrigation development in Ethiopia.

ABGIS landscape is one of the low reliefs that slopes gently north-west and south east wards. Apart from close to the hills virtually all slopes are nearly less than 3- 4%, with the majority of the slopes of 0-2%. 

The climatic variables of the project area are highly governed by the topography of the area (mainly altitude). The highland area lies at an altitude of over 2300 m asl and covers 17.5% of the project area. Mean annual temperature of this part of the project area ranges from 12.50C to 160C.

The major crops produced include Teff, chick pea, wheat, barley, vetch, and maize.  Few farmers also produce tomato and onion as cash crops. Crop production in the area is by and large rain-dependent. But in few farmers produce vegetables twice a year using pumped water from Mojo and Waddecha rivers.

The problems in ABGIS are connected with the limited experience in fruit crop production.

Koga Irrigation System (KIS) in the Abbay Basin

KIS is an established and relatively well performing irrigation scheme in Ethiopia. In here besides Irrigation water management, there are also success stories in watershed management.

Koga is located some 40 km from Bahri Dar town (Regional capital of Amhara Regional State. The  Bahir Dar –Addis Ababa highway passes through the scheme (Fig 2), hence the scheme is year round accessible.

Koga irrigation system comprises of 19.7 km of lined main canal, 52 km of lined secondary canals, 156 km of unlined tertiary canals, 905 km of unlined quaternary canals and 11 lined Night Storage Reservoirs (NSRs). The main canal was designed to provide irrigation water for 24 h during irrigation period.

There are 12 secondary canals designed for 12 h irrigation supply each covering an area of irrigated land ranging from 220 ha to over 1000 ha. Tertiary canals are designed for 12 h irrigation supply. The area irrigated by a tertiary canal range between 20 ha to 65 ha. The quaternary canals have a capacity of irrigating 8–16 ha of land while field canals will serve an area of 2.0 ha within the quaternary unit. The maximum field canal design capacity is 30 l/s.

KIS is the best performing among many community-managed irrigation schemes. Unlike other schemes this was designed and developed as an integrated watershed and irrigation development project.

Among the problems associated to the KIS are Seasonal water shortage and associated conflicts between Irrigation water user associations, low irrigation water application efficiency, catchment degradation. In order to increase water productivity in the KIS, water saving technologies will be promoted.

The Gezira irrigation scheme

The Gezira Scheme is located between the Blue Nile and the White Nile Rivers within a semi-arid agro-climatic zone. In terms of accessibility, it is easily accessible by Wad Medani road and the trip between Wad Medani, the capital of the Gezira State and headquarter of the scheme (Barakat), and Khartoum takes about three hours. The scheme is one of the largest irrigation schemes in the region with 880,000 hectares (ha). It is one of the main sources of foreign currency (cotton export), and food security (wheat, sorghum, vegetables) for Sudan. It has huge infrastructure with a value estimated at about US $ 8 billion. The scheme had played a vital role in the history of irrigation in Sudan and Africa and has become a model for many irrigation schemes in sub-Saharan Africa in terms of design and operation system. Therefore, any research aiming at improving water management in Gezira scheme is not only beneficial to the project, but also to similar projects at national and regional scale.  There are many challenges that the scheme face and urgent need to investigate Best Management Practices (BMPs) that  can overcome these challenges and enhance productivity. Some of these challenges are deterioration of irrigation infrastructure, inefficient water distribution within the scheme, agricultural drainage discharges directly in the Blue Nile without treatment impacting water quality, institutional weakness and instability.

Belbies district

Belbies district is located 20 km south of El Zagazig city between Long. 31o 24′ and 31o 39′ E and Lat. 30o 19′ and 30o 29′ N. It is bounded at the east by Abu Hammad, at the west by Minia El Kammh and in the south by the Tenth of Ramadan City districts.

As a part of the east Nile Delta, Belbies district constitutes a portion of an arid belt of north Egypt. It is characterized by a long dry summer and short temperate winter with a rainfall period from October to March. The climate is hot in summer; the average temperature is in the range of 19.7oC and 34.7oC, while during winter it ranges from 7.4oC and 18.4oC.

Due to intensive agricultural practice, which involves the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, many soils and shallow aquifers are contaminated. Consequently, pollution of groundwater has become a major concern in recent years. Wastewater disposed in canals can diffuse in groundwater. Overexploitation of groundwater and intensive irrigation in major canal commands has posed serious problems for groundwater managers in Nile Delta e.g. Sharkia governorate. The development of groundwater resources, technology-oriented management skills, adequate and efficient groundwater monitoring system, empowerment of women in unprivileged areas are among the challenges to be addressed. Indeed, water management projects are one of the priority topics in the political agenda of Egypt.